Transformation of saturated nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds by microorganisms

The saturated nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds include many drugs and compounds that may be used as synthons for the synthesis of other pharmacologically active substances. The need for new derivatives of saturated nitrogen-containing heterocycles for organic synthesis, biotechnology and the pharmaceutical industry, including optically active derivatives, has increased interest in microbial synthesis. This review provides an overview of microbial technologies that can be valuable to produce new derivatives of saturated nitrogen-containing heterocycles, including hydroxylated derivatives. The chemo-, regio- and enantioselectivity of microbial processes can be indispensable for the synthesis of new compounds. Microbial processes carried out with fungi, including Beauveria bassiana, Cunninghamella verticillata, Penicillium simplicissimum, Aspergillus niger and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and bacteria, including Pseudomonas sp., Sphingomonas sp. and Rhodococcus erythropolis, biotransform many substrates efficiently. Among the biological activities of saturated nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds are antimicrobial, antitumor, antihypertensive and anti-HIV activities; some derivatives are effective for the treatment and prevention of malaria and trypanosomiasis, and others are potent glycosidase inhibitors.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-013-5429-1

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Khasaeva F.M. et al. 2011 A novel soil bacterial strain degrading pyridines.

Khasaeva F.M. et al. 2011 A novel soil bacterial strain degrading pyridines.

Isolation of the terpestacin from the endophytic fungus Drechslera ravenelii

Studies about biprospection in endophytic fungi isolated from Smalanthus sonchifolius, the fermentation in solid medium rice-oat by 720 hours of the fungus Drechslera ravenelii (SS33) led to the isolation of sesterpene terpestacin. The molecule terpestacin has attracted the scientific community attention due to inhibitory activity in the syncytium formation caused by the HIV virus and also by presenting unusual chemical structure. After fermentation in the rice-oat medium, the hydroalcoholic extract was submitted to the liquid-liquid partition with n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and butanol. The dichlorometanic fraction was subjected to chromatographic processes to obtain 19.0 mg of terpestacin. The structure of this compound was were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analyses. This study reported the isolation of terpestacin from the endophytic fungus Drechslera ravenelii for the first time.
Eliane O. Silva, Willian J. Andrioli, Adriana A. Lopes, Monica T. Pupo, Jairo K. Bastos. Isolation of the terpestacin from the endophytic fungus Drechslera ravenelii. International Journal of Nanobiotechnology and Pharmacy. 2013. N2. p.2-7.
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